Solar water heater engineering collector installation location
Solar water heater project collector solar water heater project collector installation location should not have any obstacles to block the sun, and should be selected at the leeward to reduce heat loss; designed for the year-round system, should ensure the spring equinox / autumn day (At this time, the declination angle &=0) the time when the sunlight hits the surface of the collector is not less than 6h; the system that is mainly operated in the spring, summer and autumn seasons should ensure the vernal equinox/autumn day (at this time, the declination angle 8 =0) The time when the sun shines on the surface of the collector is not less than 8h; the system mainly operated in winter should ensure that the winter solstice (at this time, the declination angle - 23°57') is irradiated onto the surface of the collector. The time is not less than 4h; the distance between the solar water heater engineering collector and the obstacle should be greater than the sunshine distance where the sunlight is not blocked.
The dip angle and orientation of the solar water heater project collector will have a certain impact on the solar radiation energy collection. In order to make full use of the solar energy amount, it is desirable that the amount of solar energy projected onto the collector surface of the collector is as good as possible. Due to the constant changes in the relative position of the Earth and the Sun, the solar children collected on the collectors are constantly changing. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss the inclination and orientation of the largest solar children in a year.
For areas where atmospheric conditions do not change significantly over the long term, the effects of the dip angle and azimuth of the solar water heater project collectors can be estimated from direct solar radiation. Studies have shown that when the position of the collector is in the south direction and the angle of the 彳明 is S=0.90, the annual direct radiation radiation is the largest; but if the influence factor of the scattered radiation is increased, the result will be very different. Since the scattered radiation is greatly affected by atmospheric conditions and cloud children's changes, and the past is limited by relevant conditions, the long-term solar water heater engineering collector positioning principle is based on the estimation of direct solar radiation. Collector 56
The orientation should be placed in the south, and the maximum annual solar radiation energy can be obtained when the inclination is approximately equal to the local latitude (ie, 5 = less). If you want to obtain the best solar radiation energy in winter, the inclination should be increased to about the local latitude. 10° (ie S = less +10°); in summer, it should be 10° smaller than the local latitude (ie S=0-10°).
In recent years, due to the development and advancement of satellite technology, it is now easy to obtain real-time satellite cloud maps and cloud distributions around the world, so that the calculation and simulation software can be used to obtain the solar water heater engineering collector dip angle and azimuth. More accurate impact. The conclusions drawn from the software simulation can make the current solar water heater engineering collector installation and positioning have a wider choice, which provides more convenient conditions for the combination of the solar water heating engineering system and the building.
According to the simulation result of the calculation software, the solar water heater engineering collector should be set to the south, or the east-to-east and west-west direction of 30°; if the condition-limited collector cannot be set according to the above-mentioned orientation range, it can also be added. The angles of the east and west of the Great South are completely biased toward the east and west, and the area of the collector is reasonably increased and the economic benefit analysis is carried out.
The inclination of the solar water heater engineering collector can be selected within the range of 10 ° of the local latitude soil; when it is required to take the angle of inclination beyond this range, the collector area should be increased according to the table in Appendix 2. Solar water heater engineering collectors installed on walls, balcony slabs or as balcony slats in low latitudes should be installed at appropriate angles to increase the acceptance of solar radiation. The installation inclination error is generally not more than ±3°.
When a multi-block solar water heater project collector is installed in series or parallel on the building peripheral structure such as a slope roof, the total size of the collector array composed of the collector and the connecting pipe and other accessories shall be the building materials constituting the envelope structure. The modulus of the adaptation does not affect the appearance of the building.
The storage tank of the solar water heating system of the storage tank should be installed in the special equipment room. The special equipment room can be located in the basement, attic floor, technical mezzanine, garage and other parts of the building, or outside the building.
Subject to conditions, only when the storage tank is installed on the roof, balcony, etc. or outdoors, the installation position of the r tank should be reasonably selected, and the necessary occlusion and concealment should be done, which should not affect the appearance and function of the building. The system shall determine the insulation thickness of the storage tank according to the most unfavorable outdoor environmental conditions in winter.
When the solar water heater engineering collector is installed on the slope roof, wall and balcony fence, the connecting pipeline of the heat collecting system and the storage tank should be installed in a concealed installation through the building envelope such as the roof, and exposed outside the building. The surface piping and accessory accessories should be as short as possible to reduce heat loss and minimize the damage to the building's appearance.
